Explosive-motor.



No. 742,019. l ,y PATBNTBD 00T. 2o, 190s.y

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Ennesima Mmmm APBLIQL'IQ/E I'IIEELD: 13 1&03.

3A SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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.B2 cannot be closed.

Anected to a click C3, both clicks forming a Patented October 20, 1903.

PATENT FFICE.'

HEINRICH SPHL, OF ST. GALL, SWITZERLAND.

ExPLosivE-MOTOR.

` SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent NO'. 742,079, dated October 20, 1903.

Application inea May 13,19%.:

To all whom it may concern.-

Beit known that I, HEINRICH SPHL, a citizen of the Confederation of Switzerland, vand aresident of St. Gall, in the Confederation of Switzerland, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in ExplosionfMotors,of which the following is an exact specification.,

My invention relates to improvements in explosion-motors, and more especially to an exhaust valve-motion for motors with fourstroke cycle.

It further relates to the regulation of such motors and to means for lubricating the'same.

In order to make my invention more clear, I refer to the accompanying drawings, linv whichy Figure l is a vertical longitudinal section of the motor. Fig. 2 is av vertical cross-section on line mw of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a crosssection of the cylinder. Fig. 4 is a vertical longitudinal section of the piston with the exhaust-valve opened. Fig. 5 is a horizontal section of the cylinder and piston, `and Fig. 6 is a vertical section of the crank-casing.

The igniting device, as well as the admission-valvesfor the air and gases or liquids, is omitted in the drawings for the sake of clearness. In the drawings the exhaust valvemotion, as well as the regulator for the motor, is situated Within the piston B of the motor.

A is the exhaust-valve. As will be seen from Figs. 2- and 5, a channel B' is provided in the piston, through which channel the eX- haust-gases can escape from the cylinder through the opening B2, the channel B3 into the chamber B4 forming the foundation of the motor. If the valve A is closed, no gases from the cylinder can escape. The channel B is longer than the stroke of the piston, as may be seen from Fig. 5, so that by the toand-fro movement of the piston the opening In the trunk-piston B a ratchet-wheel C5 is provided.` This ratchet-wheel C5 is turnable around -a horizontal axle and possesses differ# ent teeth- ,-thhat is to say, lower and higher teeth. The teeth of this ratchet-wheel engage with the click`C2. This click C2 is condouble-'armedlever pivotedin an arm C', connected to the crank-rod C. y The click C2 is serial N. 156,969. (No modem situated so that it can engage with the end Ai of the valve-spindle of the exhaust-valve A,

Fig. 4. During the working of the motor the 4 double click C2 O3 oscillates and moves the ratchet-wheel C5 step by step forward.

l As the motor to which the invention is applied is a motor with four-stroke cycle, the valve A is opened only after every second revolutionof the crank. In order to attain this,the teeth of the ratchet-wheel C5 are not equal in height, butare alternately higher and lower, as may be seen from Figs. l and 4. The click C3 is situatedso that it engages with the end A of the Valvespindle only in case the click C2 engages with a lower tooth of theratchet-wheel. (See Fig. 4.) Asthe lower and higher teeth alternate, this will be the case after each second revolution. If the click()3 engages with the valve-spindle, this valve-spindle will be taken along by the click and the valveA will be opened.

For regulating the motor a regulator consisting of a pendulum D, Figs. 1 and 4, is provided. The pendulum D is provided with a nose D3, which engages with the teeth of the ratchet-wheel C5. For holding the pendulum D, which is pivoted at D4, so that the nose D3 of the same engages with the teethv of the ratchet-wheel C5, a spiral spring D is provided, the tension of which may be regulated by means of a screw D2, which serves at the same time for loading the pendulum. By the nose D3 engaging with-the teeth ofthe ratchetwheel C5 a turning back of this ratchet-wheel is prevented, so that this wheel will 4alwa'ys bei turned in the same direction. By the toand-fro motion of the piston the pendulum D will be caused to swing, and it will swing mostly in the moment in which the piston arrives at the dead-point, near the cover of the cylinder-that is to say, when the click C2 goes back in order to catch the following tooth of the ratchet-wheel C5. If the normal number of revolutions of the motor is surpassed,

the pendulum D swings far enough for settingv the nose D3 free, so that the same no longer engages with the ratchet-wheel C5. '-In consequence hereof this ratchet-wheel can be turned back by the click C2. This backward movement of the ratchet-wheel can only takev place in case the click C2 is situated in the IOO larger recesses between a higher and a lower tooth-that is to say, when the valve A cannot be opened by the click C5. The device for eecting that the ratchet-wheel cannot be moved back in case the valve A is opened will be described below. By theclick C2 turning the ratchet-wheel back this ratchet-wheel will during the next revolution make the same forward movement as beforethat is to say, it is by the first revolution taken forward and backward and by the second revolution the same distance forward again. Consequently the exhaust-valve A will remain closed also during the second revolution. The combustion-gases, which cannot exhaust, are consequently again compressed-that is to say, one working period of the motor misses.

In ordinary motors with four-stroke cycle the motor revolves twice after the missing of one explosion before the following explosion takes place. By the above construction of the regulator it is attained, however, that only one revolution is lost, and the second revolution is used again for sucking up and compressing the mixture, whereby the working of the machine is much better regulated.

The above-mentioned device for preventing that the valve A is held open during two successive strokes of the piston consists of a click D5, pivoted around the axle D4. The free end of this click D5 is so formed that the click catches only the higher teeth of the ratchet-wheel, (see Fig. 4,) while the lower teeth can slide over the click D5 without catching the same. (See Fig. l.) If the click C2 is situated before a lower tooth, the click D5 is situated before a higher tooth. It is attained herewith that the ratchet-wheel can only move backward in case the valve A is closed.

The number of revolutions of the motor may be regulated by means of the screw D2, by means of which the tension of the spring D can be adjusted.

As may be seen from Fig. 6, the lubrication of the motor takes place from the crank-casing. The lower part E of this casing serves as a reservoir for collecting the oil for lubricating the motor. On both sides of the crankcasing sight-glasses for observing the level of the oil are provided. At the end of the crank-rod a spoon-shaped receptacle G is arranged. This spoon dips during each revolution of the crank into the oil and scatters the oil in the crank-casing. Part of this oil Hows into the cup G', Figs. 1 and 6. Another part of the oil is thrown into the trunk-piston and lubricates the parts situated in this piston. The oil taken up by the cup G flows through the channel G2, the cross-section of which can be regulated by means of the screw G5, into the cylinder and serves for lubricating the piston. Before the oil which has become dirty and hot can iow back into the collecting-receptacle E it is filtered. For this purpose an oil-filter G4 is provided, through which the oil must pass. In the receptacle E the hot oil is cooled. For this purpose the cooling-water for the cylinder, which enters at K, flows through a cooling-chamber F. In this cooling-chamber a vertical longitudinal partition is provided, which partition divides the chamber in two parts connected to one another by means of an opening F. The coolingwater must therefore pass to and fro underneath the oil-collector, hereby cooling the oil situated within the same. From the chamber F the cooling-water flows through the channel F2 into the lower channels F5, connected, by means of the cylinder-cover F4, to the upper channels F5, hereby forming a water mantle for the cylinder. The waterleaves the channel F5 at F5, Fig. 2, and flows through the channel F7 and the pipe F8. F9 is avalve by the opening of which all the water contained in the motor can be led oit. If the level of the oil in the collector E is high enough so that the crank itself dips into the oil, the spoon G is not necessary, as in this case the oil is scattered in the crank-casing by means of the crank.

Having thus fully described the nature of my invention, what I desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States isl. In an explosion-motor with four-stroke cycle, the combination of a trunk-piston, an exhaust-valve situated within this piston, a double-armed click connected to the pistonrod, one arm of said click engaging with the valve-spindle, a ratchet-wheel possessing teeth of different height, the other arm of the click mentioned above engaging with the teeth of this ratchet-wheel, and means for preventing a backward movement of the ratchetwheel, substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.

2. In an explosion-motor with four-stroke cycle, the combination of a trunk-piston, an exhaust-valve situated within this piston, a double-armed click connected to the pistonrod, one arm of said click engaging with the valve-spindle, a ratchet-wheel possessing teeth of diferent height, the other arm of the click mentioned above engaging with the teeth of this ratchet-wheel, and a spring-influenced pendulum provided with a nose engaging with the teeth of the ratchet-wheel and preventing a backward movement of this wheel, substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.

3. In an explosion-motor with four-stroke cycle, the combination of a trunk-piston, an exhaust-valve situated within this piston, a double-armed click connected to the pistonrod, one arm of said click engaging with the valve -spindle, a ratchet-wheel possessing teeth of different height, the other arm ofthe ICO IIO

click mentioned above engaging with the teeth 4 these teeth free, when .the normal number of revolutions of the motor is surpassed, hereby allowing a backward movement of the ratchetwheel, and means for preventing this back- Ward movement, when the exhaust-valve is opened, substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.

In testimonywhereof I have signed my name to this speciieatin in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

HEINRICH SPUHL.

Witnesses: f

JAKOB ABDERHALDEN, R. SCHTZ. 

